{"id":18141,"date":"2025-08-11T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/?p=18141"},"modified":"2025-08-11T14:40:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T13:40:03","slug":"ronald-gower-and-sexual-identity-in-parliament","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2025\/08\/11\/ronald-gower-and-sexual-identity-in-parliament\/","title":{"rendered":"The ‘beautiful boy\u2019 of the Commons: Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916) and sexual identity in Parliament at the time of the Second Reform Act"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In the third of his article series<\/a> on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), Dr Martin Spychal<\/a> explores Gower\u2019s parliamentary reputation as the ‘beautiful boy\u2019 of the Commons, and his increasing disaffection with conventional aristocratic society during the 1868 parliamentary session.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In May 1868 the twenty-two-year-old MP for Sutherlandshire, Ronald Gower (1845-1916), made his maiden parliamentary speech. When reporting on the speech the Leeds Mercury <\/em>shared some unexpected Westminster gossip. The paper informed its readers that Gower had<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

the reputation of being the handsomest man in the House of Commons, and when he first entered it a year ago he obtained the name of \u2018the beautiful boy\u2019, which has clung to him ever since.<\/p>\nLeeds Mercury<\/em>, 30 May 1868.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n

\n
\"A<\/a>
The\u00a0Leeds Mercury\u00a0<\/em>report of Gower\u2019s nickname was reprinted in several papers,\u00a0Orkney Herald<\/em>, 9 June 1868, British Newspaper Archive<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

MPs were regularly given nicknames by their colleagues, but in our research for the History of Parliament\u2019s forthcoming Commons 1832-1868<\/em> volumes, Gower\u2019s designation as \u2018the beautiful boy\u2019 stands alone as an example of the objectification and sexualisation of a young MP by his older colleagues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gower was not the only MP to be labelled as ‘the handsomest man in the House of Commons’. Seeking re-election for Hull in 1868, Charles Norwood was commended to the electors with the observation that ‘the ladies, so many of whom now grace us with their presence, say that he is the handsomest man in the House of Commons’. However, the use of the nickname the ‘beautiful boy’ for Gower carried rather different connotations. A Commons full of classically trained MPs could surely not have failed to note the association of such a moniker with notions of the \u2018beautiful boy\u2019 (or er\u00f4menos<\/em>) of ancient Greek culture, a figure synonymous with sexual desire between an older man and a younger male.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"A<\/a>
Unattributed pencil drawing of Gower likely late 1860s, reprinted in Williamson, The Lord Ronald Sutherland-Gower: A Memorial Tribute<\/em> (1916)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

At first glance, then, the existence of such a nickname suggests a level of openness in attitudes towards same-sex desire in the homosocial private club culture of the nineteenth-century Commons. This would be surprising, however, given Ben Griffin\u2019s insightful research<\/a> into masculine identity at Westminster during the period. As Griffin astutely notes, mid-Victorian MPs \u2018could not abandon heterosexuality, domestic responsibilities, domestic authority, independence or self control without abandoning one\u2019s claim to be a “real” man\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What seems more likely is that in calling Gower \u2018the beautiful boy\u2019 MPs were referencing, and adding to, Westminster gossip and innuendo surrounding his sexuality. Following his arrival in the Commons in May 1867 it is conceivable that MPs came up with the nickname to marginalise a colleague who they perceived as unmanly or effete. Certainly, reports in the Elgin Courant<\/em> suggest some perception of what would now be termed Gower\u2019s camp aesthetic. In reporting on his parliamentary nickname, the paper couldn\u2019t resist the play on words of calling Gower \u2018his Grace\u2019s graceful brother\u2019, \u2018his grace\u2019 being Gower\u2019s brother and fellow parliamentarian, the 3rd<\/sup> duke of Sutherland (1828-1892).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As his first year in Parliament wore on, though, it is highly plausible that MPs started to link Gower\u2019s nickname to rumours about his sexuality. As discussed in my previous blog, Gower\u2019s private diaries indicate that he spent most of the 1867 parliamentary session mixing London\u2019s conventional aristocratic social calendar with London\u2019s queer West End nightlife. Covent Garden\u2019s theatres and drinking establishments were a stone\u2019s throw from Parliament and were very public spaces. It is not hard to conceive that reports of Gower\u2019s regular attendance in the area, and apparent relationships with other men, got back to his colleagues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By calling Gower \u2018the beautiful boy\u2019, then, MPs may at best have been offering a coded warning to Gower to ensure that his extra-parliamentary activities were in keeping with the expected norms for a figure in public life. Alternatively the nickname was simply deployed as a form of bullying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A distinct change in Gower\u2019s social habits during the 1868 parliamentary session suggests that he was more than aware that questions were being raised about his extra-parliamentary nightlife. His diary for 1868 indicates that he stopped his regular trips to Covent Garden\u2019s theatres and Evans\u2019s Supper Rooms of the previous year. In their place were visits to the more respectable, and private, Mayfair gentleman\u2019s \u2018night clubs\u2019 (as Gower called them) of Pratt\u2019s Club House, 14 Park Place, and Egerton\u2019s, 87 St James\u2019s St.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"A<\/a>
Gower complained of the ‘feeling of loneliness’ in the Commons prior to the election of his nephew and friend the marquess of Lorne. Lorne took his seat on the day Disraeli addressed the Commons for the first time as Prime Minister, ILN<\/em>, 14 Mar. 1868, British Newspaper Archive<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

As 1868 progressed, Gower\u2019s diary also suggests his increasing disaffection with parliamentary life and the social expectations of conventional aristocratic society. In March 1868, Gower\u2019s nephew and close friend, John \u2018Ian\u2019 Campbell, the Marquis of Lorne (1845-1914), was returned to Parliament. Lorne’s constant presence in London over the following months came as a great relief to Gower:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

What a difference his being in the House [of Commons] makes to me I cannot say, it only wanted such a company to take away the feeling of loneliness that I formerly felt among so many older people than myself; and our walks or drives to and from the House are charming.<\/p>\nSRO, D6578\/15\/22, 5 Mar. 1868<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Although his friendship with Lorne provided some respite from the \u2018loneliness\u2019 of the Commons, by the summer of 1868 Gower complained increasingly in his diary of the \u2018pain and boresomeness\u2019 of much of London society. In doing so he began pining for a more selective social set that shared his love of art and literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In July 1868 he was inspired by a visit to the Holland Park residence of the artist, Frederic Leighton (1830-1896):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

If only I could see more and live more with the people (and society in general of those) with whom Ian and I breakfasted this morning (Thursday 2nd<\/sup>) life would be intensely more enjoyable and interesting. We broke fast nearly at 12 with F. Leighton and a far greater brother artist [George] Watts; with these was also young [Valentine] Prinsep, a rising artist and I do not think I have ever spent two pleasanter hours.<\/p>\nSRO, D6578\/15\/22, 2 July 1868<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n

\n
\"A<\/a>
By 1868 Gower had tired of the Prince and Princess of Wales and their annual visits to Dunrobin. The ceremonial surrounding the Wales’s 1866 visit was detailed in ILN<\/em> 13 Oct. 1866, British Newspaper Archive<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

His disdain for conventional aristocratic society was compounded that autumn after enduring a fortnight at his family\u2019s estate in Dunrobin in the company of the future Edward VII, the Prince of Wales. He complained that \u2018I do not enjoy the society (if it can be called such) which the Wales\u2019s bring\u2019. Regretting that \u2018the more I am here [Dunrobin] the greater I feel the change from old times\u2019, he went on to imagine an alternative future life in an idealised \u2018Spanish Castle\u2019 in Kilmarnock:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

My \u201cSpanish Castle\u201d is a wee house at Kilmarnock. It\u2019s large enough for me or two friends where I can feel and be perfectly free; with my books and myself. All this may sound and perhaps is selfish. If so I cannot help it; surely, we all may follow unnatural tendencies (if right and honourable) and mine is to be utterly independent and not obliged to live at all with a set of people utterly and wholly uncongenial and unsympathetic to myself.<\/p>\nSRO, D6578\/15\/22, 4 Oct. 1868<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

As well as foreseeing his future bric-a-brac \u2018treasure house\u2019 at Windsor Lodge (which as John Potvin<\/a> has demonstrated became a meeting point for a generation of young aesthetes from the 1870s), Gower\u2019s statement presents as a remarkably frank admission of his sexuality and disillusionment with the conventions of aristocratic society.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"A<\/a>
Definition of ‘unnatural offences’ according to the 1861 Offences Against the Person Act <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

As with the multiple meanings inherent in his parliamentary nickname of the \u2018beautiful boy\u2019, it is hard to escape the notion that in privately admitting his \u2018unnatural tendencies\u2019 Gower was coming to terms with his sexuality. \u2018Unnatural\u2019 was nineteenth-century shorthand for same-sex desire and \u2018unnatural offences\u2019 was the principal legal term used to categorise an array of criminal sexual offences enacted by men<\/a> such as \u2018sodomy\u2019, \u2018indecent assault\u2019 or \u2018carnal knowledge\u2019.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Within eighteen months of entering public life as a member of Parliament, Gower had clearly come to realise that a career at Westminster was not for him. While he would be returned again to Parliament at the November 1868 general election, his position of immense privilege as a member of one of Britain\u2019s leading aristocratic families allowed him to devote the next few years of his life to forging an alternative career as a sculptor and writer\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MS<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

This is the third part of the five article series. Read the other posts via the links below:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part one<\/strong>: ‘Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916): the life of a queer MP at the time of the Second Reform Act’<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part two<\/strong>: \u2018Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916): the social life of a queer MP at the time of the Second Reform Act\u2018<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part four<\/strong>: ‘A Highland canvass in a \u2018pocket county\u2019: Ronald Gower (1845-1916) and the 1867 Sutherland by-election<\/a>‘<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part five<\/strong>: ‘\u2018Covent Garden was lit up by a lucid light\u2019: an MP\u2019s account of the fire at Her Majesty\u2019s Theatre, 6 December 1867<\/a>‘<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Further Reading<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H. G. Cocks, Nameless Offences: Homosexual Desire in the Nineteenth Century <\/em>(2003)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K. Dover, Greek Homosexuality<\/em> (first published 1978, most recent edition 2016) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B. Griffin, The politics of gender in Victorian Britain: masculinity, political culture and the struggle for women’s rights <\/em>(2012)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J. Potvin, Bachelors of a Different Sort: Queer Aesthetics, Material Culture and the Modern Interior in Britain<\/em> (2014)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R. Scruton, Beauty<\/em> (2009)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S. Sontag, Notes on “Camp” <\/em>(first published 1964, most recent edition 2018)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. Upchurch, Before Wilde: Sex between Men in Britain\u2019s Age of Reform<\/em> (2009)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is an updated version of an article originally published on the Victorian Commons website<\/a> on 12 November 2020, written by Dr Martin Spychal<\/a>.<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the third of his article series on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), Dr Martin Spychal explores Gower\u2019s parliamentary reputation as the ‘beautiful boy\u2019 of the Commons, and his increasing disaffection with conventional aristocratic society during the 1868 parliamentary session. In May 1868 the twenty-two-year-old MP for Sutherlandshire, Ronald Gower (1845-1916), made his maiden parliamentary speech. When reporting on the speech the Leeds Mercury shared some … Continue reading The ‘beautiful boy\u2019 of the Commons: Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916) and sexual identity in Parliament at the time of the Second Reform Act<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99266922,"featured_media":18277,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[124494893,4706867,11502563,774275741,774275561],"tags":[8742801,774276176,314707,774276175,58628],"class_list":["post-18141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-victorian-commons","category-19th-century-history","category-lgbtq-history","category-parliamentary-life","category-victorian","tag-lord-ronald-gower","tag-offences-against-the-person-act-1861","tag-queer-history","tag-ronald-gower-series","tag-sutherland"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/SM-Lord-Ronald-Sutherland-Gower-A-Memorial-Tribute-1916.png?fit=977%2C493&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2QYNW-4IB","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":18103,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2025\/08\/11\/lord-ronald-gower-life-of-a-queer-mp\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":0},"title":"Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916): the life of a queer MP at the time of the Second Reform Act","author":"Martin Spychal","date":"August 11, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Dr Martin Spychal introduces his series of articles on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), who was elected as MP for Sutherland in 1867. This is the first of five articles originally published on the Victorian Commons website between February 2020 and May 2021. Lord Ronald Charles Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, Napoleon Sarony (c. 1884),\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "19th Century history"","block_context":{"text":"19th Century history","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/centuries\/19th-century-history\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Lord-Ronald-Charles-Sutherland-Leveson-Gower.jpg?fit=546%2C284&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Lord-Ronald-Charles-Sutherland-Leveson-Gower.jpg?fit=546%2C284&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Lord-Ronald-Charles-Sutherland-Leveson-Gower.jpg?fit=546%2C284&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6760,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2021\/02\/24\/lord-ronald-gower\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":1},"title":"New Podcast for LGBT+ History Month: Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916)","author":"History of Parliament","date":"February 24, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Based on his recent blog series on The Victorian Commons, this LGBT+ History Month Dr Martin Spychal sat down (virtually) with our public engagement team to discuss his research on the queer MP Lord Ronald Gower. We've made our 30 minute conversation available for you below. N. Sarony, Lord Ronald\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Victorian Commons"","block_context":{"text":"Victorian Commons","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/sections\/victorian-commons\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/gower-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":6151,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2020\/11\/30\/ronald-gower-1867-sutherland-by-election\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":2},"title":"A Highland canvass in a ‘pocket county’: Ronald Gower (1845-1916) and the 1867 Sutherland by-election","author":"Martin Spychal","date":"November 30, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Continuing our series on Scotland and his series on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), Dr Martin Spychal, research fellow for the House of Commons 1832-1868 project, uses Gower\u2019s diaries to provide some rare insights into mid-Victorian electioneering in the \u2018pocket county\u2019 of Sutherland. If there was a History of Parliament award\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Victorian Commons"","block_context":{"text":"Victorian Commons","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/sections\/victorian-commons\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ronald-gower.png?fit=629%2C609&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ronald-gower.png?fit=629%2C609&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ronald-gower.png?fit=629%2C609&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7374,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2021\/05\/26\/her-majestys-theatre\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":3},"title":"\u2018Covent Garden was lit up by a lucid light\u2019: an MP\u2019s account of the fire at Her Majesty\u2019s Theatre, 6 December 1867","author":"Martin Spychal","date":"May 26, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"In the fifth of his article series on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), Dr Martin Spychal, research fellow for our Commons 1832-1868 project, looks at an Gower's first-hand account of the fire that burnt down Her Majesty\u2019s Theatre in December 1867... On Friday 6 December 1867, the Commons adjourned at 7\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Victorian"","block_context":{"text":"Victorian","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/periods\/victorian\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/iln-colourise.jpeg?fit=1000%2C716&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/iln-colourise.jpeg?fit=1000%2C716&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/iln-colourise.jpeg?fit=1000%2C716&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/iln-colourise.jpeg?fit=1000%2C716&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18113,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2025\/08\/11\/ronald-gower-social-life-of-a-queer-mp\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":4},"title":"Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916): the social life of a queer MP at the time of the Second Reform Act","author":"Martin Spychal","date":"August 11, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"In the second article in his series on Lord Ronald Gower (1845-1916), Dr Martin Spychal explores Gower\u2019s London social life during his first year in Parliament, including a brief summer romance with the son of the commissioner of the Metropolitan Police. One of the most privileged men in nineteenth-century Britain,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Victorian Commons"","block_context":{"text":"Victorian Commons","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/sections\/victorian-commons\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Gower-Camile-Silvy-1865-%C2%A9-National-Portrait-Gallery-London-CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0-copy.png?fit=693%2C339&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Gower-Camile-Silvy-1865-%C2%A9-National-Portrait-Gallery-London-CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0-copy.png?fit=693%2C339&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Gower-Camile-Silvy-1865-%C2%A9-National-Portrait-Gallery-London-CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0-copy.png?fit=693%2C339&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9884,"url":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/2022\/08\/16\/robert-harley\/","url_meta":{"origin":18141,"position":5},"title":"\u2018Robin the trickster\u2019 versus \u2018Stiff Dick\u2019: the election of Robert Harley as Speaker of the Commons in 1701","author":"Robin Eagles","date":"August 16, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In the latest in our series discussing some of the notable figures to occupy the role of Speaker of the House Dr Robin Eagles, editor of our Lords 1715-1790 project, discusses the contested election that led Robert Harley to the chair... From 1704 to the spring of 1705 Robert Harley\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Georgian"","block_context":{"text":"Georgian","link":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/category\/periods\/georgian\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/robert-harley-1st-earl-of-oxford.jpg?fit=489%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/99266922"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18141"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18141\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18325,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18141\/revisions\/18325"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historyofparliament.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}